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Activated carbon preparation Coconut husk used for preparation of activated carbon was obtained locally.
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The procedure used to prepare the activated carbon was referred to our previous work [15]. The precursor was first washed to remove dirt from its surface and was then dried overnight in an oven at 105 ◦C. The dried husk was cut and sieved to desired mesh size (1–2 mm) and loaded in a stainless steel vertical tubular reactor placed in a tube furnace. Carbonization of the precursor was carried out by ramping the temperature from room temperature to 700 ◦C with heating rate of 10 ◦C/min and hold for 2 h. Throughout the carbonization process, purified nitrogen (99.995%) was flown through at flow rate of 150 cm3/min. The char produced was mixed with KOH pallets with different impregnation ratio (IR), as calculated using Eq. (1): IR = wKOH wchar (1) where wKOH is the dry weight (g) of KOH pallets and wchar is the dry weight (g) of char. Deionized water was then added to dissolve all the KOH pallets. The mixture was then dehydrated in an oven overnight at 105 ◦C to remove moisture and was then activated under the same condition as carbonization, but to a different final temperature. Once the final temperature was reached, the nitrogen gas flow was switched to CO2 and activation was held for different period of time. The activated product was then cooled to room temperature under nitrogen flow and then washed with hot deionized water and 0.1 molar hydrochloric acid until the pH of the washing solution reached 6–7 [15].granular-activated-carbon.com

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